Invitrogen™ CD38 Monoclonal Antibody (90), eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Beskrivning

Description: The 90 monoclonal antibody reacts with the mouse CD38 molecule, an ∽42 kDa type II transmembrane protein. CD38 is expressed at increasingly higher levels on B cells at each stage of B-cell differentiation, and is then down-regulated on germinal center B cells and mature plasma cells. Its expression is reported on a subpopulation of thymocytes, mature T cells, and NK cells. Crosslinking of CD38 on the surface of mature, resting B cells induces B-cell proliferation, which is enhanced by co-signals such as IL-4 and LPS. CD38, a counter-receptor for CD31, is an ectoenzyme with cyclase and hydrolase enzymatic activity and is speculated to play a role in lymphocyte activation and differentiation. Applications Reported: The 90 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis, and immunohistochemical staining. It has also been reported in functional assays. (Please use Functional Grade purified 90, cat. 16-0381, in functional assays.). Applications Tested: The 90 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes. This can be used at less than or equal to 0.125 μg per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest.

CD38 is a multifunctional ectoenzyme and type II transmembrane glycoprotein involved in various cellular processes. It catalyzes the conversion of NAD into secondary messengers such as nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR). CD38 plays a crucial role in B cell development, with expression levels fluctuating from high in immature cells to low in intermediate ones, and back to high in mature B cells. It is also present in a variety of tissues and hematopoietic cells, including T cells, NK cells, and monocytes, and is used to phenotype leukemias and monitor HIV-1 progression. The CD34+CD38- population is considered to define the most pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. In addition to its surface expression, CD38 has been identified in the nucleus, where it may regulate calcium levels. It functions as a multi-catalytic ectoenzyme, serving roles as an ADP-ribosyl cyclase, cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase, and possibly NAD+ glycohydrolase, or as a cell surface receptor. CD38 is involved in the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature lymphocytes and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. It also participates in cell adhesion, signal transduction, and calcium signaling. Antibodies to CD38 are valuable for subtyping lymphomas and leukemias, detecting plasma cells (such as in myelomas), and marking activated B and T cells. CD38 is expressed at high levels in the pancreas, liver, kidney, malignant lymphoma, and neuroblastoma. Dysfunctions in CD38 are associated with diseases like chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Richter's Syndrome.