Invitrogen™ HLA-A3 Monoclonal Antibody (GAP.A3), APC, eBioscience™

Beskrivning

Description: The monoclonal antibody GAP.A3 reacts with the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule HLA-A3, which is a member of the HLA-A family. HLA-A3 exists as two subtypes, HLA-A3.1 and HLA-A3.2, which differ at amino acid positions 152 and 156. MHC class I molecules are expressed on all nucleated cells. These molecules are highly polymorphic, cell surface glycoproteins that non-covalently associate with B2 microglobulin. MHC Class I molecules present intracellular peptides on the cell surface and nonnative peptides are recognized by circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. HLA-A3 is expressed by 15-25% of cancer patients and has been demonstrated to bind the tumor-associated antigen human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Applications Reported: This GAP.A3 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This GAP.A3 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral cells. This can be used at 5 μL (0.25 μg) per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. Excitation: 633-647 nm; Emission: 660 nm; Laser: Red Laser. Filtration: 0.2 μm post-manufacturing filtered.

HLA-A3 is a subtype of the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues, existing in two forms: HLA-A3.1 and HLA-A3.2, which differ at amino acid positions 152 and 156. HLA class I molecules are heterodimers consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin), with the heavy chain anchored in the membrane. These molecules are highly polymorphic cell surface glycoproteins expressed on nearly all nucleated cells. HLA class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting intracellular peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen on the cell surface. Non-native peptides are recognized by circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, facilitating immune surveillance. The heavy chain of HLA-A is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exons 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which bind the peptide, while exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region, and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exons 2 and 3 determine the peptide binding specificity of each class I molecule, and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely performed for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-A alleles have been described, and HLA and MHC antibodies are crucial in immunopeptidomics, aiding in the identification and characterization of neoantigens through techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.