Gibco™ PeproGMP® Human IL-21 Recombinant Protein, PeproTech®

Description

Recombinant Human IL-21 is a 15.4 kDa protein consisting of 132 amino acid residues. Additional product information and specifications are provided on the Certificate of Analysis. All PeproGMP® products are manufactured using animal-derived component free materials. Product Description/Intended Use: PeproTech GMP recombinant proteins are manufactured for use as ancillary materials by applying applicable principles of GMP and quality control requirements from USP (United States Pharmacopeia) Chapter 1043 Ancillary Materials for Cell, Gene, and Tissue-Engineered Products. Product use statement: For research use or further manufacturing. Not for diagnostic use or direct administration into humans or animals.

IL-21 is a 17 kDa immunomodulatory cytokine produced mainly by Natural Killer Cells (NKT), T helper (Th) 17 and T follicular helper (TFH) cells. In TFH cells, IL-21 expression leads to autocrine signaling through the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and STAT3, which leads to additional transcriptional activation by Bcl6. As with IFN gamma for Th1 and IL-4 for Th2 cells, IL-21 is critical for TFH cell development and effector function. IL-21 plays a role in T cell-dependent B cell differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells, stimulation of IgG production and induction of apoptotic signaling in naive B cells. In Th17 cells, IL-21 expression and autocrine feedback through STAT3, IRF4 and ROR gamma t lead to upregulation of the IL-23R, thereby preparing Th17 cells for maturation and maintenance by the inflammatory cytokine IL-23. While upregulating IRF4 and ROR gamma t, IL-21 also mediates the downregulation of Foxp3. IL-21 deficient mice are protected from developing colitis upon chemical treatment by their inability to upregulate Th17-associated molecules. In comparison, elevated levels of IL-21 are present in chemically-induced colitis mouse models.